What is PCOS?

Polycystic ovary syndrome is so-called because women with this condition often have twice the normal number of small but harmless cysts (follicles) on their ovaries. The cysts are usually no bigger than 8 mm and are located just below the surface of the ovaries. They are egg-containing follicles that have not developed properly due to a hormonal imbalance.

Women with PCOS may also have one or more additional symptoms including:

• PCOS Fertility Issues – Reduced fertility, difficulty becoming pregnant
• Period Problems – Irregular periods or no periods / irregular ovulation or no ovulation
• Pregnancy Complications – Increased risk of developing diabetes or high blood pressure (pre-eclampsia) during pregnancy
• Weight Issues – Weight problems, being overweight, rapid weight gain, difficulty losing weight
• Acne – Skin problems including oily skin, acne
• Unwanted Hair Growth – Unwanted facial or body hair (hirsutism) / thinning head-hair or hair loss (alopecia)

• Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is very common, affecting 5–10% of women. A larger group of women (~20%) have polycystic ovaries (PCO) without the other symptoms listed above.

PCOS Facts:

• Affects millions of women in the UK and worldwide
• Runs in families
• Is one of the leading causes of fertility problems in women
• If not properly managed, can lead to additional health problems in later life
• Can affect a woman’s appearance and self-esteem

PCOS affects women in different ways

Some women may have few, mild symptoms while others may have a wider range of more severe symptoms. The symptoms usually start in adolescence, although some women do not develop them until their early to mid-twenties.